Which of the following is a key factor in effective wastewater treatment?

Adequate aeration is a key factor in effective wastewater treatment because it ensures that microorganisms, which play a crucial role in the biological processes of breaking down organic matter, receive enough oxygen to thrive. Aeration promotes the growth of aerobic bacteria that decompose organic pollutants effectively, helping to reduce biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and improve the overall quality of the treated water. Proper aeration also helps in maintaining mixed conditions within the treatment system, which is important for uniform treatment and the prevention of dead zones where treatment may be insufficient.

While low water temperature, consistent wastewater volume, and minimal chemical usage also contribute to the efficiency of wastewater treatment, they do not play the pivotal role that adequate aeration does in fostering an environment conducive to the biological treatment processes that are essential for effective wastewater management.